Colour Theories- Prang Colour Chart

COLOUR THEORIES

Colour theory is a body of practical guidance to colour mixing and the visual effects of specific colour combinations. It encompasses a collection of rules and guidelines regarding the use of colour in art and design, helping artists and designers make informed decisions to create harmonious and aesthetically pleasing compositions.

COLOUR WHEEL

·       The colour wheel is a visual representation of colour theory

·       According to colour theoryharmonious colourcombinations useany two colours opposite to eachother on the colour wheel,

·       Any three colours equally spaced around the colourwheel forming a triangle

A colour wheel or colour circle is an organization of colour hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colours, secondary colours, tertiary colours

PRANG COLOUR CHART

Louis Prang in 1876 developed a system of colour wheel based on artist’s pigments is commonly known as the artist’s or prang chart.

Prang’s system was the first workable system to reproduce color in print.

PRIMARY COLOURS

The basic colours that can be mixed to make all other colours.

The primary colours cannot be made by combining other colours.

·       Red, yellow, blue (RYB)

SECONDARY COLOURS

Colours that are made by mixing two adjacent primary colours

·       Red+ Yellow= Orange

·       Yellow+ Blue= Green

·       Blue+ Red= Violet

TERTIARY COLOURS

Tertiary colours are created when primary and secondary colours are mixed together in equal quantities. Eg. If the Primary colour RED and the Secondary colour VIOLET were mixed together they would produce the Tertiary colour RED-VIOLET

·       Red- Orange

·       Orange- Yellow

·       Yellow- Green

·       Blue-Green

·       Blue-Purple

·       Red-Purple

DIMENSIONS OF COLOR

Dimension is a contrast of light and dark tones. An example of dimensional color maybecreatedbyaddingwavesoflighterhaircolortonaturallydarkhairorshadesofdarkercolortolighterhair.Thethree dimensions of color are Hue, Value and Chroma or intensity. They are the means of describing color.

Hue:

          Hue refers to the purest form of a color, without any added tint, shade, or tone. It is one of the three dimensions of color perception, the other two being saturation and brightness. Hue is essentially the attribute that allows us to differentiate between red, blue, green, yellow, and other colors on the color wheel.

Value:

Value could also be called “lightness.” It refers to how light or dark a color is. Lighter colors have higher values. For example, orange has a higher value than navy blue or dark purple. Black has the lowest value of any hue, and white the highest.

Intensity:

Intensity(also called chroma or saturation)is the brightness or dullness of a color. A color as we  see it on a color wheel is at full intensity (bright). When we mix it with gray, black, or white, it becomes dull. Colors also lose intensity when mixed with their complement (the opposite coloron the wheel).

·       Warm colours- Red, Orange, Yellow                                                                                                    

·       Cool colours- Green, blue, violet

·       Hue- Another name for colour

·       Tint- Any colour + white

·       Tone- Any colour + Gray

·       Shade-Any colour + black

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